Danish Antimilitarist Rhetoric and Metaphorical Transcendence: Viggo Hørup and Carsten Jensen
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52610/rhs.v24i81.24Keywords:
antimilitaristic rhetoric, rhetoric of war, Viggo Hørup, Carsten Jensen, Robert Ivie, Chaim Perelman, metaphors, re appropriation, trickster, history of Danish rhetoricAbstract
This article cast light on Danish antimilitary rhetoric, analyzing texts by the journalist and politician Viggo Hørup and the author Carsten Jensen. In the late 18th century, Hørup fought a political and rhetorical battle against prime minister J.B.S. Estrup, whose minority government led the country by provisional financial laws (from 1885-1894), thus suspending the democratic constitution of 1848 and reinforcing the power of the Monarch, Christian IX. The Estrup govern-ment spent large sums on national defense, in particular new fortifications of Copenhagen. In recent time, the writer Carsten Jensen has criticized Danish cultu-ral life, xenophobia and Danish participation in the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq (starting in 2003). Hørup and Jensen are examples of dissident rhetoric, it is argu-ed, seeking to reveal rigid dichotomies and manipulative arguments. Robert Ivie’s theories on the metaphorical and argumentative strategies of dissident rhetors are applied in the rhetorical critiques of Hørup’s and Jensen’s texts that are strikingly similar, in spite of the historical distance. This is due to the fact they both aim at undermining their opponents’ dichotomous argumentation, thus reappropri ating the language of politics and warfare. However, warfare has changed dramatically in the last 140 years. While Jensen’s political essays often are caught up in a traditional friend/enemy rhetoric, his novel Den første sten (2015, The First Stone 2019) offers a critical perspective on present day warfare.
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